Dallo spazio la scoperta archeologica del secolo: i satelliti scoprono un
secondo Egitto sepolto da 3000 anni.
di Roberto Mattei
Un team diretto
dall’egittologa Sarah Parcak, assistente presso la University of Alabama a
Birmingham, scopre un tesoro inestimabile da secoli sprofondato nelle aride
sabbie egiziane: più di 1000 tombe, 3100 insediamenti, 17 piramidi e intere
reti stradali.
Una scoperta
incredibile che ha fatto saltare dalla sedia i ricercatori della University
of Alabama a Birmingham quando, Sarah Parcak, professoressa e
assistente egittologa presso il prestigioso ateneo statunitense, ha mostrato ai
loro occhi estasiati e quasi increduli, le immagini satellitari all’infrarosso
di immensi tesori nascosti sotto il suolo egiziano. E invece, quel deserto di
sabbia arido e rovente sul quale nessuno avrebbe mai scommesso un centesimo,
celava più di 1000 tombe, 3100 antichi insediamenti e, udite, udite, ben 17
piramidi! Nel corso dei secoli, le strutture erano sprofondate tra strati di
limo e sabbia, un terreno incapace di sorreggere il peso dei materiali di
costruzione con cui tali opere erano state realizzate. La ricerca, finanziata
dalla BBC, la più grande e autorevole società radiotelevisiva del Regno Unito,
ha visto al lavoro un’equipe di studiosi guidati dalla Parcak che, per più di
un anno, ha scandagliato in lungo e largo la repubblica araba con l’ausilio di
satelliti geostazionari termografici, forniti in comodato d’uso dalla NASA e da
alcuni partner commerciali. Si tratta di veicoli orbitanti muniti di
termo-camere a tecnologia infrarossi, posizionati a 700 chilometri dalla
superficie terrestre, in grado di valutare la temperatura di un corpo senza
entrarvi in contatto, ma semplicemente sfruttando la sua caratteristica di
emettere radiazione infrarossa. Il principio è semplice. Qualsiasi corpo con
una temperatura maggiore dello zero assoluto (-273,14°C), emette energia sotto
forma di radiazione elettromagnetica nelle frequenze dell’infrarosso, non visibili
dall’occhio umano. Lo strumento in grado di convertire l’energia emessa da
questi corpi in un segnale digitale è la termo-camera. La “visione
dell’energia” rivelata dall’apparecchiatura viene rappresentata da un’immagine,
ottenuta abbinando una scala di temperature a una palette di colori. L’insieme
dei punti che rappresentano la temperatura superficiale del soggetto
fotografato, da luogo a una mappatura termica. L’elevato grado di precisione
della differenza di temperatura tra punto e punto, in genere di 0.05°C,
permette, tramite elaborazione software, di ottenere preziose informazioni sul
mondo invisibile che ci circonda. Non appena è stata effettuata la scoperta, la
dottoressa Parcak non ha perso tempo: ha preso il telefono e ha informato Zari
Hawass, il ministro egiziano per le antichità di Stato, concordando con lui le
operazioni preliminari a conferma del ritrovamento. Sul posto, sono stati
subito inviati degli escavatori e un team di archeologi francesi per assistere
agli scavi. Poi, quando a Tanis sono venuti alla luce i primi contorni di
un’abitazione sepolta dalla sabbia da più di 3000 anni, l’euforia è stata
grande, con grida di gioia e applausi che si levavano al cielo da parte di
tutti gli addetti ai lavori. Poco dopo, da Saqqara, la vasta necropoli situata
30 chilometri a sud del Cairo, un’altra conferma che attestava la presenza di
due piramidi laddove il satellite aveva fatto click. L’aria di festa che si
respirava in quel frangente sembrava non dovesse più finire. L’interpretazione
dell’analisi termografica effettuata dai ricercatori non solo era perfetta ma
apriva la porta allo sviluppo di nuove tecnologie nel campo dell’archeologia.
Piena di entusiasmo,
la Parcak si è lasciata andare ai microfoni della BBC: «non potevo credere
che avremmo trovato così tanti siti in tutto l’Egitto. Rinvenire una piramide è
sempre stato il sogno di ogni archeologo. A Tanis, il sito archeologico reso
famoso dal film di Steven Spilelberg “Indiana Jones e i predatori dell’arca
perduta”, è stata rinvenuta un’antica rete stradale e abitazioni completamente
invisibili da terra. Questa tecnologia apre senz’altro la strada a nuove
scoperte per gli anni a venire. Sono entusiasta per la mia generazione e per
quelle future. Ce n’è abbastanza per le prossime 50 generazioni».
Per tutti i curiosi e
gli appassionati al mondo dell’archeologia, infine, una bella notizia: tutte le
scoperte fatte dalla professoressa Sarah Parcak sono state raccolte in un
documentario della BBC intitolato “Egitto lost cities” (Egitto paese perduto) trasmesso
nel Regno Unito, in anteprima mondiale su BBC One e BBC one HD. Ecco il link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b011pwms
A team led dall'egittologa Sarah Parcak, an assistant at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, discovers a priceless treasure for centuries collapsed in the arid sands of Egypt more than 1,000 tombs, 3100 settlements, 17 pyramids and entire road networks.
An incredible discovery that blasted from the chair
to researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham when Sarah Parcak, assistant professor and Egyptologist at the prestigious US university, showed to their wondering eyes and almost in disbelief, infrared satellite images of immense hidden treasures under the Egyptian soil. But, that desert sand arid and scorching on which no one would have bet a penny, concealed more than 1,000 tombs, 3,100 ancient settlements and, listen, listen, less than 17 pyramids! Over the centuries, the facilities were sunk between layers of silt and sand, soil unable to support the weight of construction materials with which these works were made. The research, funded by the BBC, the largest and most influential broadcasting company in the United Kingdom, saw the work team of scholars led by Parcak that, for more than a year, has explored the length and breadth of the Arab republic with ' using geostationary satellites thermographic, provided on loan for use by NASA and by some trading partners. It is orbiting vehicles fitted with thermo-chambers infrared technology, positioned 700 miles from the earth's surface, able to estimate the temperature of a body without entering into contact, but simply making use of its characteristic of emitting infrared radiation. The principle is simple. Any body with a temperature greater than absolute zero (-273.14 ° C), emits energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the frequencies of the infrared, not visible by the human eye. The tool can convert the energy emitted by these bodies into a digital signal is the thermo-camera. The "energy vision" revealed from the equipment is represented by an image, obtained by combining a temperature scale in a palette of colors. The set of points that represent the surface temperature of the photographed subject, gives rise to a thermal mapping. The high degree of accuracy of the temperature difference between point and point, typically 0.05 ° C, allows, through processing software, to obtain valuable information about the unseen world around us. As soon as the discovery was made, Dr. Parcak wasted no time: he picked up the phone and informed Zari Hawass, Egypt's Minister of State for Antiquities, agreeing with him the preparations to confirm the finding. On the spot, were immediately sent for excavator and a team of French archaeologists to assist the excavations. Then, when Tanis came to light the first outlines of a house buried by sand for more than 3000 years, the euphoria was great, with shouts of joy and applause that rose to heaven by all the experts do you work. Shortly after, from Saqqara, the necropolis located 30 kilometers south of Cairo, another confirmation that testified the presence of two pyramids where the satellite had clicked. The festive air that is breathed in that situation seemed no longer to finish. The interpretation of thermographic conducted by researchers not only was perfect but opened the door to the development of new technologies in the field of archeology.
Full of enthusiasm, Parcak has indulged the BBC: "No on could not believe that we would find so many sites all over Egypt. Find a pyramid has always been the dream of every archaeologist. A Tanis, the archaeological site made famous by the film of Steven Spilelberg "Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark", was found an ancient road network and housing completely invisible from the ground. This technology certainly opens the door to new discoveries for years to come. I'm excited for my generation and for future ones. It's enough for the next 50 generations . "
For all the curious and fans in the world of archeology, finally, some good news: all the discoveries made by Professor Sarah Parcak were collected in a BBC documentary titled "Egypt lost cities" (Egypt lost country) transmitted in the UK world premiere on BBC One and BBC One HD. Here is the link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b011pwms
English
From space the archaeological discovery of the century: the satellites discovered a second Egypt buried for 3,000 years.
From space the archaeological discovery of the century: the satellites discovered a second Egypt buried for 3,000 years.
of Roberto Mattei
From space the archaeological discovery of the century: the satellites discovered a second Egypt buried for 3,000 years.
of Roberto Mattei
A team led dall'egittologa Sarah Parcak, an assistant at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, discovers a priceless treasure for centuries collapsed in the arid sands of Egypt more than 1,000 tombs, 3100 settlements, 17 pyramids and entire road networks.
An incredible discovery that blasted from the chair
to researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham when Sarah Parcak, assistant professor and Egyptologist at the prestigious US university, showed to their wondering eyes and almost in disbelief, infrared satellite images of immense hidden treasures under the Egyptian soil. But, that desert sand arid and scorching on which no one would have bet a penny, concealed more than 1,000 tombs, 3,100 ancient settlements and, listen, listen, less than 17 pyramids! Over the centuries, the facilities were sunk between layers of silt and sand, soil unable to support the weight of construction materials with which these works were made. The research, funded by the BBC, the largest and most influential broadcasting company in the United Kingdom, saw the work team of scholars led by Parcak that, for more than a year, has explored the length and breadth of the Arab republic with ' using geostationary satellites thermographic, provided on loan for use by NASA and by some trading partners. It is orbiting vehicles fitted with thermo-chambers infrared technology, positioned 700 miles from the earth's surface, able to estimate the temperature of a body without entering into contact, but simply making use of its characteristic of emitting infrared radiation. The principle is simple. Any body with a temperature greater than absolute zero (-273.14 ° C), emits energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the frequencies of the infrared, not visible by the human eye. The tool can convert the energy emitted by these bodies into a digital signal is the thermo-camera. The "energy vision" revealed from the equipment is represented by an image, obtained by combining a temperature scale in a palette of colors. The set of points that represent the surface temperature of the photographed subject, gives rise to a thermal mapping. The high degree of accuracy of the temperature difference between point and point, typically 0.05 ° C, allows, through processing software, to obtain valuable information about the unseen world around us. As soon as the discovery was made, Dr. Parcak wasted no time: he picked up the phone and informed Zari Hawass, Egypt's Minister of State for Antiquities, agreeing with him the preparations to confirm the finding. On the spot, were immediately sent for excavator and a team of French archaeologists to assist the excavations. Then, when Tanis came to light the first outlines of a house buried by sand for more than 3000 years, the euphoria was great, with shouts of joy and applause that rose to heaven by all the experts do you work. Shortly after, from Saqqara, the necropolis located 30 kilometers south of Cairo, another confirmation that testified the presence of two pyramids where the satellite had clicked. The festive air that is breathed in that situation seemed no longer to finish. The interpretation of thermographic conducted by researchers not only was perfect but opened the door to the development of new technologies in the field of archeology.
Full of enthusiasm, Parcak has indulged the BBC: "No on could not believe that we would find so many sites all over Egypt. Find a pyramid has always been the dream of every archaeologist. A Tanis, the archaeological site made famous by the film of Steven Spilelberg "Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark", was found an ancient road network and housing completely invisible from the ground. This technology certainly opens the door to new discoveries for years to come. I'm excited for my generation and for future ones. It's enough for the next 50 generations . "
For all the curious and fans in the world of archeology, finally, some good news: all the discoveries made by Professor Sarah Parcak were collected in a BBC documentary titled "Egypt lost cities" (Egypt lost country) transmitted in the UK world premiere on BBC One and BBC One HD. Here is the link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b011pwms
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